Essays on Turbulence

The crash of Air France 447 is considered the biggest disaster ever to hit Air France and Airbus since the beginning of their venture into this industry. All of the 228 passengers and crew of the flight were killed in this accident (Palmer, 2013). Due to the delay in the recovery of the black box from the ocean bed, the investigations and final report, published by BEA, took nearly three years for completion (Jonathan, 2011). The final investigation revealed that the accident occurred due to the inconsistent data indicated by the FMC (Flight Management Computer System) regarding the fluid ...

1. There are several components to the physical examination. Initially, the patients will have their vitals accesses (heart rate, temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) This will give the physician an overall picture of the status of the patient. Next, the doctor will consider the general appearance of the patient, noting any abnormalities. After the general appearance, the physician will assess each organ system (cardiovascular, pulmonary, GI, integument, etc.) individually. To evaluate each system, the physician will first inspect the system for any abnormalities. After the inspection is auscultation where, if applicable, the physician will use a ...

Literature Review

Abstract Innovations and modifications that produce cost reductions and enhance performance have driven the evolution of the classic solid rocket and the liquid bipropellant rocket into hybrid models that integrate the predominant solid and liquid model features into more sensical, more economical fabrications of design. The commercial spacecraft demands for aerospace propulsion have also evolved to include a market for environmentally sustainable hybrid rocket engines that has yet to fully mature to the Technology Readiness Level (TRL). Numerical modeling has been used as a tool to test the feasibility of new solid fuel types. ABS has been considered as ...

Aircraft Cabin Safety

Accidents are complex systems that happen when multiple failures and factors accumulate and finally blow out of proportion. The failures and factors that accumulate are jointly sufficient to cause various types of accidents. Aircraft systems are complex systems that have the potential multi-causal conditions. The conditions rarely arise but when they do they create a possible trajectory for an accident. Most of the factors that cause these accidents are always present way before they are triggered and an accident occurs. Additionally, most of them are actually triggered by the organization of the system itself due to its design, the ...

The air near the surface will usually become warmer throughout the day. This is one of the main reasons why it is unstable. Then at night, the air that is close to the surface will begin to cool. This is going to form a temperature inversion or a stable atmosphere.2. Inversions aloft are sometimes called “capping inversions” or “lids”. Why?

This is because it is like putting a lid on the atmosphere.

3. You are flying at 4,000 feet AGL over a city during the day. There are no clouds present. As you descend to land at a nearby airport, you notice that, although visibility was very good at 4, ...

Wave and Wind Power Generation

Wind Physics Basics Wind is atmospheric air which is in motion Energy Source The earth surface absorbs solar radiation differently. Some parts absorb more radiation than other. This creates pressure zones. As a result of pressure, air moves from high-pressure zones to low-pressure zones. This causes atmospheric air motion known as wind. Wind is a renewable source of energy. It is constantly available free of charge (Bhattacharyya, 2011).

Spatial scales

Atmospheric air motion can be categorized depending in terms of spatial scale. Four spatial scales identified include planetary scale, synoptic scale, mesoscale, and microscale. There are various types of spatial scales ...

Facts about the Earth

The Earth is the third planet from the Sun. It is situated at the distance of about 93 million miles from the parental star. The Earth`s orbit is elliptical. The Sun, the Moon as well as all the stars rise in the East and set in the West due to the rotation of the Earth around its axis. The Sun and the Moon moving together create the eclipse, when the Moon stands between the Earth and the Sun we see a solar eclipse, at that moment the Moon passes in front of the Sun obscuring it. In the ...

Introduction to Meteorology

Introduction to Meteorology

General Overview of Weather-related Accidents For every accident investigation attributed to a weather-related factor, NTSB was able to attach a subject modifier to the individual weather condition. This is because a single accident may be linked to several weather phenomena hence resulting in a citation of several subject modifiers for a single accident. For the purpose of this paper, several subject modifiers were amalgamated into one weather phenomenon for example under the category of wind; the paper includes reports whereby the NTSB was more specific on dust whirlwind, sudden wind shift, high wind, and crosswind as ...

Literature Review

ABSTRACT Communication privacy management model compacts with the degree of exposure of people's personal information and their confidentiality during communications. It concentrates on people relationship management which separates the public information from confidential information about themselves. Communication Privacy Management is a practical model that suggests an appreciation of the way people reach judgments and how often to disclose and when to mask confidential data. The argument assumes that privacy together with the disclosure are entangled in a dialectical pull, and therefore, decisions individuals make are on the complementary level of every individual. Through the use of a metaphorical margin, ...

This annotated bibliography will examine secondary sources on Japan in the post-World War II years, with specific emphasis on the reform efforts made by the allies. It will study the position of Japan when the country was occupied by the allies and under reconstruction in regards to society, economy, and politics. Castle, Alfred L. “William R. Castle and the Postwar Transformation of Japan, 1945-1955.” The Wisconsin Magazine of History 74. No. 2 (Winter 1991): 125-137. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4636318. Alfred Castle is a professor and author of articles, journals, and books that discuss philanthropy and history. The Wisconsin Historical Society ...

Abstract

This paper gives an insightful preview of the Panama's economy. It analyzes key data from the current major economic indicators to comprehend the state or nature of Panam. The analyzes espouse data and statistics drawn from the Panamanian Bureau of Statistics and Economic portfolios. It analyzes both the endogenous, exogenous economic factors, as well as their impact on the Panamanian economy. One of the most conspicuous endogenous factors is the Panama’s unsustainable development growth models. Its economic growth mostly focuses on the economic indicators while ignoring critical and pressing aspects such as social as well as environmental problems. ...

Abstract

The following summary discusses the cooling techniques of atomic vapor in several different ways. Additionally, it tends to relate the evolution of experiments that are used in studying shallow layered fluids. Starting with the atomic condensates, the method is known as trapping. However, it exists in many ways from the laser system to the Bose-Einstein methods. The methods of cooling are different due to the evolutionary progress made by science. The use of laser beams includes the study of light forces on atoms which lead to either an absorption or emission of a photon. While the contraction of matter ...

Introduction:

Corrosion refers to the partial and gradual dissolution of materials used in water treatment and supply systems, pumps, pipes, tanks and valves. In most circumstances, almost all water is corrosive and this may lead to structural failure, water leaks, capacity losses and deterioration of the microbial and chemical water quality (WHO 2011). The pipes used in water distribution are made of different materials such as plastic, metals (galvanized steel, copper, lead and iron), and even concrete. Pipes made from concrete and plastic tend to be corrosion resistant. In piping systems, however, there are several water quality factors working singly ...

Abstract:

Weather related aircraft accidents have become a major safety concern in the world lately. Visual rules flight to the Instrument Meteorology Conditions has attracted world attention because of high rates of the fatalities which is associated with them. Safety research aviation professionals are trying to explain mechanisms and genesis of such accidents. According to macro statistics conducted by FAA, it is approximated that seventy percent of delays in the National Airspace System is caused by adverse weather conditions. According to iapa.com, weather plays a significant role in aviation accidents and incidents. The report conducted by National Transparency Safety Board (NTSB) shows ...

Every commercial aircraft is fundamentally designed for safety, passenger acceptance, fuel efficiency and airport compatibility among other important features. Numerous challenges face all current passenger aircrafts, for instance the conventional wing consists of a number of moving parts which increase the weight of the plane and are difficult to adjust and maintain. The current control surfaces also increase turbulence and drag since the smooth flow of air is disrupted, and the aircraft cannot adapt to different flight stages and conditions. Design architectures such as the vertical and horizontal stabilizer surfaces increase the overall drag of the plane, for example, the ...

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Abstract

This paper presents an ...