Essays on Universality

Cost-containing strategies used by the U.S.A The rising cost of healthcare continues to claim a large portion of the United States of America's budget leading to the introduction of cost-containing strategies. One of the costs-containing strategies used by the U.S. health sector is the price option strategy. The price option aims at controlling the amount of money paid to the provider. For example, the introduction of Medicaid and Medicare programs that control the cost of delivering care by reducing the number of allowances paid to providers. Second, the U.S. health sector utilizes the quantity option strategy to contain high ...

Nursing Theory Analysis Paper

Many researchers globally have researched on the discipline of nursing and developed some theories aimed at explaining some health care phenomenon. Theories of nursing play a critical role in influencing the outcome of different areas of practice including research, education, administration, and nursing informatics. Nursing theories fall under the mid-range theory or grand theory classifications. The analysis below discusses the theory of Transcultural Nursing by Madeleine Leininger that falls under the mid-range category of nursing theories.

Analysis of the Transcultural Nursing Theory

Background Leininger is well-recognized psychiatric and mental health professionals of the 1950s. Earned her first diploma in nursing in 1948, advanced to a ...

It is worth mentioning that human rights are fundamental rights to any individual anywhere in the world. The globe is constantly changing and transforming to meet the needs of the increasing globalization and internationalization. In essence, different countries have different sets of human rights. However, there are universal human rights established by international organizations, mostly the United Nations. They are the fundamental freedoms. Such includes the freedoms of speech, religion, association, expression, and the right to life. Everyone is entitled to these rights, and there are disciplinary measures for countries or leaders who commit crimes that violate the fundamental ...

Discussion

One of the most significant mid-range theories of nursing is the Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Transcultural Nursing. The theory falls in the middle-range category because it accesses the total picture of a phenomenon.

The assumptions underpinning the theory

Theories are imaginary concepts that help in generating and guiding practice in a research making most theorists base their theories on assumptions. The Leininger’s Theory of Transcultural Nursing aims at promoting a culture of care and ensuring universal delivery of care (Leininger & National League for Nursing, 2001). The theory operates under a number of assumptions that expound on the use of some terms such ...

Article 1:

Leininger, M. (1996). Culture care theory, research, and practice. Nursing Science Quarterly,

9(2), 71-78. doi:101177/08943184960090028

Introduction Nursing theories continue to play a critical role in the delivery of care to diverse populations in the present era. The health care sector is working towards advancing the discipline and professional of nursing by ensuring providers acquire relevant nursing knowledge to deal with present and upcoming health challenges. The author of the article, Madeleine Leininger, uses the culture care theory to show its relevance in helping educate health providers how to transform the practice of nursing through modern practices that accommodate cultural competency.

Synopsis

The outcome ...

Positive discrimination is a phenomenon which is aimed at targeting and acting in favor of those groups of people which have been actively discriminated against in the past. Hence it can be named as the policy which allows providing such individuals with benefits and advantages because they had been deprived of them in the past. The premise for positive discrimination is not favoritism or nepotism rather it is an action which is allowed only to those who have suffered from the act’s deprivation in the past, due to their gender, race or disposition at that particular time. Therefore, ...

As a mental health worker, working with refugee children is a very critical assignment that requires careful considerations before taking up the task. In this case, the children have been relocated from a refugee camp in central Nigeria to live in my city with some foster families. The children include boys and girls, increasing the need to be sensitive in dealing with both genders. Coming from poor living conditions in the Nigerian refugee camps, the children have been exposed to food scarcity, brutal violence, diseases, and sexual assault. They have undergone traumatizing experiences such as seeing their families murdered ...

With the conclusion of the World War II, the world witnessed the emergence of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) with the major purpose of protecting the dignity of all human beings. In 1993, the World Conference on Human Rights acknowledged that these human rights are universally relevant and applicable and no questions shall be raised about their authenticity (World Conference on Human Rights, 1993). Nevertheless, critics from around the world oppose the universality of human rights. Therefore, this essay asserts that the nature of the human rights’ universality is questionable. In the beginning, a brief discussion concerning ...

In a time when Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) have become a global concern, there is a universal consensus on the importance of hand washing in both clinical and non-clinical settings. However, research in this field are yet to reach an agreement on whether hand sanitizers work more effectively than soap and water for healthcare workers during patient care. In this light, the current paper summarizes two articles exploring the subject of hand washing and hand sanitizers. More specifically, this paper will rate and evaluate the strength of evidence found in both articles. The principle aim of this paper is to ...

Essay 1

Introduction Maurice Cranston expressed skepticism over the status of social, cultural, and economic rights as genuine human rights. Cranston gave various objections for the status of social, cultural, and economic rights as genuine human rights. The context in which these reasons are best understood is the context in which the concept of genuine human rights is understood. This paper explores the reasons for which Cranston denies the social, cultural, and economic rights the status of genuine human rights. This feat will be achieved by considering the concept of genuine human rights. Cranston makes two significant objections to the status ...

Immanuel Kant stance on ethics is remarkable, as it pays no heed to the consequences of an action arguing that there exist particular objective rules that can be discovered by reasoning beings. The categorical imperative is simply an expression of this. Such theories are called “deontological” ethical theories; the root of the word is derived from the Greek word “deon” that means duty. Therefore, the categorical imperative states that people have a duty to act in particular ways according to moral laws. Kant’s categorical imperative pays a greater emphasis on the intent of an action as opposed to ...

Is the idea of human rights a universal concept, or does it represent Western cultural imperialism?

What do we know about human rights? According to the United Nations definition, “human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status.” All humans are equal in their rights without any discrimination. In this article, I will analyze the difference of understanding of human rights between the Western and the Eastern worlds and will try to answer the question: Is the idea of human rights a universal concept, or does it represent Western cultural imperialism? James Paul and Joe Stork state “ ...

Our university’s recent production of Kurt Weill’s Street Scene showcases a relatively straightforward performance of the opera by Kurt Weill, Langston Hughes and Elmer Rice. The drama of a group of neighbors along an ordinary New York tenement in the 1940s, Street Scene (as produced by the theatre department) seeks to illustrate the inherent drama and tension of ordinary American city life, and the universality of those conflicts to human history. Through the elements of performance and lighting, Street Scene elevates the domestic dramas of these New York characters into universal themes that resonate greatly with the ...

The debate on whether to consider aging either as a natural and inevitable process or as a disease has been raging on for decades. Those who consider aging a natural process such as Callahan (1990) and Fukuyama (2002) argue that the quest to extend life does not necessarily imply a better life or is inconsistent with human nature (Caplan, 2005). Conversely, contemporary scientists are increasingly adopting the view that aging is a disease because it fits the biological definition of a disease and has a distinct cause and recognizable signs and symptoms (Bulterijis, Hull, Bjork, & Roy, 2015). The fact ...

Compare and Contrast Hegel and Marx on Civil Society and the Problem of Human Freedom

Essay

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel argued that civil society is characterized by private property, the pursuit of self-interest, and human needs. He viewed civil society as a body of needs wherein people align their specific personal interests with social expectations and necessities, which are finally negotiated by the all-embracing state. Hegel claimed that civil society is perfectly able to balance the wide array of human interests and needs. However, he further stated that the state, as a highly ethical entity, provides stability to the totality of needs by guaranteeing the security and strength of the division of labor, social ...

Introduction

The world is increasingly becoming complex and multicultural that makes the element of cultural competency an essential aspect of healthcare. Culture can bring people together. Thus, a study of the concepts of culture can result in an effective and exceptional healthcare provision since it will establish a strong bond between a nursing professional and the patient. Nurses are usually mandated to provide personalized care to patients thus plays an imperative role healthcare provision. Several scholars have looked into the issue of transcultural nursing, Madeleine Leininger being one of the main pioneers. She developed the culture care universality and diversity ...

1. What were the causes of revolution in the British colonies of North America in the 18th century; France in the 18th century; and Mexico in the 19th and 20th centuries? The feeling of inadequate representation caused unpopular unrest that led to revolutions in France, America and Mexico. Americans opposed taxation without representation and in France, heavy taxation and king’s incompetence made the people rise up to overthrow the political establishment. In Mexico, oppression of the majority by a clique of powerful elite made the masses take up arms. Desire for equality and freedom informed these revolutions. ...