Essays on Urology

Reading is a process through which the reader tries to gain knowledge by deriving meaning from printed or written texts. During reading, the reader tries to retrieve information and understand the meaning of the text. This is called readability. For casual readers, the effort that goes into retrieving information and understanding meaning is lesser than an intense reader. Having a prior knowledge of a subject, or its structure, makes readability easier. When information is provided on a new subject in a way that is difficult to understand, the readability becomes hard. During the process of reading, the person connects ...

Prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the United States. Over the past twenty years, there have been significant changes in the way physicians screen and treat this disease. This paper will address common screening modalities, the effect of age and ethnicity on this disease, and its non-surgical treatment options. In the United States, there are three primary methods to screen for prostate cancer, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a digital rectal exam, and a prostate biopsy. PSA is a glycoprotein that is released by the prostate. It is believed that when cancer disrupts the prostatic ...

Abstract

Robotic- assisted surgery has revolutionized the surgical practice since its inception and allows surgeons to use minimally invasive techniques in cardiac, urology, and general surgeries. Robotic surgery is quickly becoming an alternative to standard laparoscopic approaches to surgery and especially in the area of urology. Even though the use of robotic- assisted surgery is more advantageous than conventional methods, its use is hinged on the surgical teams training and experiences with it. The study examines the frequency of use of the technique among various surgical teams and their response to its effectiveness. The research design of the study begins ...

Stone Formation in the Kidney/ Role of Citrate in the Kidneys

Kidney stones are calcified or solidified molecules taking place in the upper urinary tract and the kidney. Kidney stones are usually composed of calcium as oxalate, phosphate, or carbonate. Stone formation in the kidney happens when the amount of mineral salts in the urine becomes saturated, during which the mineral will automatically crystallize (Rao et al., 2011). Stone formation is further facilitated by increasing amount of calcium in urine and dehydration. High levels of calcium in urine can indicate kidney disorder, prolonged incapacitation, hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid, excessive intake of milk or aluminum and vitamin D. Stone formation in ...

Medical area is being improved with the technological advances under which robotic-assisted surgeries have been increasing in their numbers on the global scale. Based on the Bertram et al. (1637) in the last decades a minimal invasive revolution has been seen also in the area of urology, but the access and the acceptance of robotic-assisted surgery is variable across the geographical locations. There is still a lack of documentation in the area of the robotic-assisted surgeries, but it is becoming increasingly prevalent. The use of technology, availability and perception differs across countries as well as geographical locations and hospitals ( ...

Introduction

The compensation is a reward for an entity (individual or corporation) in return for a work performed or services rendered. The amount of compensation and payment are provided either by simple uses or through contractual arrangements (freely negotiated between parties or resulting from collective agreements or company agreement) (Perryman et.al, 2016). The compensation is directly linked to the amount of effort and performance that has been delivered and it also has nothing to do with gender. However, it is usually influenced by the gender, which has consequentially become a social dilemma. Gender and compensation are taken into the context ...

Urinary diversions are ways of releasing urine from a patient’s body when they cannot urinate following a malfunction in the urinary system. The two general forms of diversions include incontinent and continent urinary diversions. The following is a further explanation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure. Incontinent Urinary Diversion is an old form of tract reconstruction. Blake et al. (2010) present it as the quickest and simplest form of urinary diversions due to its familiarity across many urologists and other physicians. In this procedure, urologists harvest a section of the small intestine, attach a ...

Introduction

Automated surgical instruments have grown past the testing phase and are currently routinely utilized as a part of several surgical procedures such as minimally invasive general surgery, pediatric surgery, ophthalmology, urology, neuro surgery, cardiothoracic surgery and otorhinolaryngology. Robotic instruments keep on developing and upgrading in time and – as they turn out cheaper and more generally widespread – will probably turn out to be all the more frequently used in surgical methodology. The authority of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) and the Minimally Invasive Robotic Association (MIRA) felt that rules for the use of robots in surgery ...

Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Genitourinary system consists of the urinary tract and reproductive organs. Diseases that affect this system are a variety of conditions that can affect people of all ages. Urologic diseases affect specific organs in males and in females – the urinary tract in females and urinary tract or reproductive organs in males (O'Connell, 2016). Some of the most common diseases include Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Urinary Incontinence and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). UTI basically occurs when bacteria invades the urinary system and infects any part of the system although the bladder and urethra are the most commonly affected parts. Women ...

5A. Niche Clientele is a portion of the market that an organization identifies as having some special features and determines that it is worth marketing to that portion of the market. The organizations tend to use niche clientele most often are those in the private sector-such organizations are owned and run by individuals. Considering a micro-finance: the questions usually asked in this case is: who will be their clientele with specific features and how will knowing their clientele help the organization? Such small finance corporation will often target people with low income or middle income level people. Understanding the specific income ...

Answers

- The differences between the cardiovascular diseases and the coronary heart diseases

The major differences between these two types of diseases relates to the vascular components of the cardiovascular system. This simply means that the cardiovascular diseases do not only involve the heart alone but also involves all the heart linked vessels. i.e all arteries, veins and lymphatics found to be associated with the heart and blood passes to and from the heart. However, the coronary heart diseases only relate to the vessels that are within the heart itself and supply the heart itself and also the muscles of ...

Method

Research Design The key variables in the study are the method of serving nutritional supplement drinks, which is the independent variable, and its effect on compliance and consumption which are the primary dependent variables (Allen, Methven & Gosney, 2014). Nutritional status is a secondary dependent variable. The research problem was communicated well. The authors provided an introduction on the issue of the risk of or actual undernutrition among older adults and the health consequences. They detailed how oral supplementation is an evidence-based medical nutrition therapy to prevent or treat undernutrition but that poor compliance is a barrier to adequate consumption limiting ...

Dealing with the concerns of children in between zero and three years of age can be nightmare for many families. The research indicates that there are 5 million children in this age group which suffer from infections due to frequent accidents within USA (Hodges, 2012). Considering the young age and the complete dependency of very small kids on the care givers, it is even essential that there be some sort of assistance for the families and caretakers who look after the small children. Every single child is different. While some of them get potty trained even before they ...

Introduction

It is said that in this world, change is the only permanent thing. Indeed, changes in the nursing profession and health care industry are inevitable as a result of external and internal catalysts. Policy reforms occur because of social, economic and political pressures. Knowledge is created every day, technology evolves at a fast pace, and consumer demands change. Organisations must respond effectively by modifying their strategic goals, structures, systems, processes, and culture (Anderson & Ackerman-Anderson, 2001). As a result, the professional roles of nurses expand, clinical practices improve, the work environment benefits from redesign, and patients receive better care. For this reason, change ...

Introduction

The term LASER is an abbreviation for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. These are special devices that produce light that can be directed towards an object, and is monochromatic and coherent. These special characteristics are used in designing a laser device that is widely used for industrial purpose as well as in medicine . In the US, about 500,000 to 700,000 health care workers are involved in the use of medical lasers .

History and Progress of Lasers

The history of lasers dates back to 1916, when Albert Einstein discussed the possibility of stimulating radiant energy based on Niels Bohr’s theory that ...

Urolithiasis refers to the condition where there is the formation of urinary stones as well as their location in the urinary system. While the term urolithiasis refers to those stones that are in the ureter, nephrolithiasis also known as renal calculus refers to those stones that are found in the kidney, and cystolithiasis (vesical calculi) refers to the stones that are formed or located into the urinary bladder (Pearle, Calhoun, & Curhan, 2007). The urinary stones also known as calculi refer to the hardened mineral deposits forming in the kidney. The stones originate as microscopic after which they develop ...

John Hopkins Hospital

John Hopkins Hospital was opened on May 7 back in the year 1889 and thus has been in the business of providing health care services for more than 100 years. The resources that enabled the establishment of the hospital and its university were provided by a merchant trader cum banker John Hopkins after whom the hospital is named. John Hopkins envisioned a hospital that would provide quality patient care, conduct research for the purposes of improving this care and offer education and training to both medical and nursing students so as to enable them provide this quality care. More importantly, he ...

Introduction

Prostate cancer is emerging as one of the most common issues and despite the various treatment options available, the expectation of this to increase is much more in the coming time hence it is very important to research and find out more about this problem. In this paper we will do an evidence based research to find out the “diagnosis and treatment strategy of prostate cancer and to compare the different approaches developed in the current medical facilities”.

Chinese Community Health Resource Center (2008). After Diagnosis Prostate Cancer, Bejing

The above resource provides an introduction to cancer, its branches and a lot of information on the occurrence and detection of the ...