Essays on Valdosta

Introduction

The negative or positive experiences of early childhood play a very significant role in the development of the social and emotional behavior of an individual. According to Fagundes, Bennett, Derry, and Kiecolt-Glaser (2011), the ability to understand the social and emotional behavior of an adult is complex because it requires one to have a comprehensive understanding of their entire lifespan (p. 40). This is because the social and emotional development of an individual are influenced by several factors that they encounter during their major stages of growth in their lifespan (McClelland, Ponitz, Messersmith, & Tominey, 2010, p. 35). Some of ...

Alcoholism

Alcoholism is an alcohol use disorder that is characterized by alcohol abuse and dependence. An individual is said to be alcoholic when he or she drinks copious amounts of alcohol for long periods of time, has difficulty cutting down on alcohol consumption, and is strongly addicted to alcohol. For most alcoholics, alcohol dependence takes up a lot of time, and its use can result in social and health problems, withdrawal symptoms, loss of control, tolerance, and other riskier situations ("Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse", n.d.). For most people, alcoholism is caused by environmental factors and genetics. An individual with parents ...

Psychology: The Multi-store model of memory

Overview of the concept of memory Memory is the description of the ability to accumulate and retrieve data (personal experience, facts, skills, emotions, habits, etc.). Processes involved in human learning are always subjects of interest for educators and scientists. The way people acquire new information and retain previous knowledge became the focus of numerous researches and studies. A couple of influential researchers in perception Lutz, & Huitt (2003, pp.1) defined it as an investigation of how individuals convert, construct, collect, recover, use or manage to learn abilities. Ever since the development of psychology, memory has always been used to refer ...

While this course posed a lot of challenges, I found that there are a lot of things that I do not know both about sociology and about myself. I found that the information I learned from this class not only taught me about the world around my, but it taught me many things about who I am and how I have been impacted by my family’s cultural backgrounds.

I would say that the most challenging part of this course had to examine myself and my own past. No one likes to have to examine themselves that closely. People do not ...

Interpersonal interaction can be defined as everything one does with and around other people. The ability to interact interpersonally with others is influenced by a number of factors. Metacognition and social cognition are the two cognitive factors that influence peoples’ interpersonal behaviors in a number of ways. As far as metacognition is concerned, it can be defined as “the processes by which we monitor and control our own cognitive processes” (Frith, 2012). Metacognition is also applicable to others. However, it would then be termed as mentalizing. The stated forms of metacognition are both implicit and explicit. Here, implicit stands for ...

Introduction

Theories are abstractions from the real world to give explanation to phenomenon that are affecting variables under consideration. Several theories have been propounded to give explanation to how and why human beings behave in a certain manner. Among these theories is the Elton Mayo’s Haworth experimental student to show what motivate workers to put the extra performance during their productivity hours. Other motivational theories propounded by human behavioral school of thought include Abraham Maslow hierarchy of need theory, Federick Herzberg Two factor theory, Douglas MC Gregory’s X and Y theories, Bandura’s cognitive theory and the social learning ...

The basic memory process involves three steps which are encoding, storage and recall or retrieval. Encoding refers to the stage where the information is transformed or processed so it can be part of one’s memory. Encoding involves four types of codes which are the acoustics (sounds), visual (images or pictures), tactile (senses) and semantic (meaning). The next step is the storage which is the consolidation of the information and retaining it in the brain as either a sensory memory, short-term memory or long-term memory. The third stage in the memory process is the retrieval stage which is the recalling ...

Information Processing and Cognitive Theories 1989 to Present

Information Processing and Cognitive Theories 1989 to Present

Although there are several different views about cognitive psychology, a few general principles exist that most of the cognitive theorists could agree with. First is the principle derived from the assumption of a limited capacity of our mental system, which means that the amount of information that the mental system can process is constrained in myriad ways. At a very specific point of the mental process, the flow of information is restricted in a bottleneck manner. The second principle involves a requirement of control mechanism to accommodate storage, processing, transformation, encoding, utilization and retrieval. Meaning, the ...

The humanist approach to development puts the individual at the centre as the focal point. Humanistic theories focus on the person’s experiences, needs, desires, preferences, and motives in life. Humanist thinkers strongly claim that an individual person is moulded not by his external environment but by his strong inner will. This essay shall dwell on the salient details about the humanist theory and its implications on classroom teaching, especially in the elementary education levels K to Grade 8.

A Closer Look at Humanism

Humanism thinking emerged in the field of psychology in the 1960s that became a move contradicting the then-dominant behaviourism paradigm. While behaviourism ...