Essays on Victorian Era

There are key features which define Victorian era literature. While some trends in literature may be difficult to define, the Victorian era is not. It is not only easily definable, current classic literature is riddled with examples of it. Victorian era literature contains some combination of several primary characteristics. While not every piece contains every characteristic, it is common to find more than one in those works. It includes serialization resulting in many Victorian era literary works being interminably long. Often ideas of industrialization appear as it reflects the changes people from every social stratum were forced to cope ...

Victorian Era Love in

In Wuthering Heights love comes in many forms. There are various examples of it throughout the novel. Most people think first and perhaps only, of Heathcliff and Catherine. There love was obsessive and destructive. It burned them both with a fire so big it could not be put out even by death. Heathcliff loved and hated Catherine, cursed her soul that she would have no peace, and then begged her to haunt him so he could have none either (Bronte 201). But there is much love to be found in Bronte’s 1847 novel. Consider for example Lockwood. Lockwood ...

Satire in The Importance of Being Earnest

The most important role of any work of fiction is not simply to entertain its readers but to teach some moral lesson or convey a message. Each writer seeks to improve bad side of humans’ nature, presenting all their shortcoming and inappropriate behaviour in the images of the main characters of their stories. The best way to do it is definitely by using such genre of literature as satire. It does not only ridicule different vices and faults of particular individuals or society in general, but aims to construct social criticism and lead to further improvement. The Importance of ...

The Victorian Period

The Victorian era indicates a certain ideology, a way of thinking and living, spiritual atmosphere, the complex moral and ethical principles and successful progressive development of society. The term "The Victorian Period" received the broadest interpretation. It was reduced to only the positive sides of Victorian culture, stable aesthetic and ethical standards, which are not present in today's society. The Victorian Period is associated with the long reign of Queen Victoria (1837- 1901), but it is very significant for the subsequent development of English history, culture, and literature. During this period England acquired the status of a great colonial ...

Introduction

Racism refers to the act of distinguishing the superiority or otherwise of members belonging to a particular race and discriminating them based on their appearance and perceived characteristics. Depending on the language and the characters that writers choose to use while writing stories, a text may propagate racism by including characters that reflect certain races as inferior while also portraying other characters perceived as representing other races as superior. Accordingly, the manner in which scholars portray racism in their stories may differ from one’s personal prejudices to the period when the story was written. Ultimately, the extent of ...

Katherine O’Flaherty was born in Missouri in August 1904. Kate was a renowned novelist and short story writer whose works reflected the status of the society during her time (Chaeyoung, 59). In The Story of the Hour, Kate weaves a tale of a woman who is mistakenly told that her partner had perished in an accident. Interestingly, the woman is euphoric at the thought of her husband’s death and feels physically and psychologically free. However, her joy was curtailed when her husband comes home one hour later alive and well. In fact, he had not even heard ...

In Parts one and Two of Volume One of Michael Foucault’s Philosophy on Sexuality, he analyses and distances himself from what he calls “Repression Hypothesis,” using our desire to analyze and investigate the “science” of our sexual behavior, our need to confess what we deem sexual immorality, and the productive nature of the relationship of sex to power and knowledge, as the key elements of his argument. A definition of “Repression Hypothesis” is necessary for us to understand further why Foucault rejects it. According to American philosopher and University of California, Berkeley professor of Philosophy, Hurbert Dryfus, and ...

The play “The Importance of being Earnest” was written by Oscar Wilde, and was first seen in a theater in 1895. The play is a comedy which uses various literary techniques to bring out various themes in the Victorian era. Irony is a major literary technique in the play in which the protagonist named Jack uses the name Earnest as an alibi whenever he wishes to escape from his reality. He has created an imaginary character in his head in which he has a younger brother by the name Earnest (Wilde 15). In his real world, he is however ...

The Response of the Victorian Churches to Charles Darwin’s Doubt

Pitch Contrary to the perception of the Victorian Era as one of the highlight of English Christianity and even morality among societies, the situation was not so behind closed doors. The people were beginning to question the Biblical inspirations and teachings based on Christian doctrines that had otherwise defined their existence and faith for centuries. Accordingly, the sources of doubt were twofold: there was a rapid development of biblical criticism, and the scientific discoveries were challenging cultural norms. Perhaps there was no original sin. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution presented an alternative for the European societies of the ...

Introduction

Walter Besant in his essay “The Queen’s Reign” (1897) , spoke about the changing role of women in the Victorian era which proved to be a reformatory span in terms of uplifting the social status of women and raising the sense of awareness among the people. However, the prime issue of feminism was dominant throughout the era which demanded an equal status for women along with a consideration of feminine virtues for them. The essay speaks about the various issues in which the primary issues involved the context of segregating the role of women to only housekeeping and managing ...

NEW HERITAGE VALUES

Modern heritage involves the conservation of heritage with the application of new heritage values. Mankind is known for its ability to express themselves through art. This includes designs used to come up with various structures and their representation to the artist and the locals. Modern heritage includes post war office buildings, lighthouses and suburbs among others. In the past, only older buildings were referred to as heritage. However in the recent days newer buildings have also been classified as heritage. This paper will discuss issues affecting heritage conservation, both old and new, in relation to new heritage values. It ...

The Crystal Palace is a massive and very impressive building in London that was constructed from iron and glass in 1851 in Hyde Park in London specially for the Great Exhibition of that year. The Palace received its name from the magazine Punch, in which the playwright Douglas Jerrold called it in 1850 as “a palace of very crystal” . Though the building was very beautiful and seemed to have a promising future, after the end of exhibition the Crystal Palace was taken down and moved to Sydenham Hill, the place not far from London. The building there was kept ...

Designed by Joseph Paxman in 1851 to accommodate the Great Exhibition that features the technological and cultural advancement from different parts of the world for the enjoyment of the English people (Phillips 14). The architecture of The Crystal Palace was dubbed as the “modern English” since the structure was an unusually simple and the lack of ornamentation, the unity, and functionality of the designs reinforce and stabilized the entire glass roofs and walls covering it and allowing the rays of the sunlight to penetrate within the building (Phillips 24-25). The whole building was also a rejection of traditional materials ...

Mary Barton

Introduction Mary Barton is the first novel written by Elizabeth Gaskell, an English writer who was known for her works during the mid-19th century. In Mary Barton which was published in 1848, Gaskell described the difficulties faced by the working class during her time, thus the subtitle of the novel, ‘A Tale of Manchester Life’. Moreover, there is also the emphasis on women’s role during the Victorian era, which she cleverly narrated with the use of narratives that described the different female characters in the novel. This novel is a depiction of how Gaskell saw the relationship between ...

The society creates the various gender roles and as a result, with time, these roles are viewed as the appropriate behavior of a person. Learning and life experiences help develop gender roles. The idea of femininity and masculinity not only prevails in the present times but also in the Victorian era. Although gender construction can be defined by biological factors, a larger convection believes that gender is socially constructed. Therefore, gender is a social construct as the society is responsible for determining what characterizes a particular sex and the subjects act by those characteristics. Feminism refers to the nature ...

The Morality of the Specific: Pre-Raphaelite Art

Artist: Ford Madox Brown Era: Pre-Raphaelite Era (1852-65) Historical Meaning: The Work of Madox Brown was regarded as one of the most important contributions that was made to the Pre-Raphaelite movement as it was a social realist art work, which essentially represented a crowd comprising of various social classes of the Victorian era, performing various tasks. The significance of this art work lies in its marvelous depiction of the kind of labor that the lower classes of the society had to perform during that era. Colors: The art work has been painted by using bright and vibrant colors and ...

Authors, poets, and playwrights use language in different ways to achieve certain aims and express various themes. Poets may choose to use specific words, as well as unique accents to bring out different emotions, such as laughter, suspense, and love, among others. Ben Crystal provides an explanation of how Shakespeare uses language by analyzing several aspects including the accent and theatrical conventions used in Shakespeare’s work. The language aspects used by Shakespeare help to provide a further understanding of life at the time Shakespeare wrote his plays. Just as Shakespeare, Oscar Wilde employs different aspects of language to ...

Dracula, Bram Stoker’s legendary novel, is more than just fiction writing, it is a blurry reflection and critique of the Victorian era, with its thoughts, lust and decadence hidden under a pile of conservative ideas. It draws its essence from common fears of the Victorian era and from the author's own view on homosexuality and sex, at the same time relying on several sources. The novel was published in the early half of the 20th century, before the beginning of the suffragette movement (Levin 14), when the standards and expectations with regards to women were extremely limiting. In a society ...

Great Expectations is a coming of age story written and set in England during the period of the Industrial Revolution. With the endowment of a secret benefactor, the main character, a country orphan named Phillip “Pip” Pirrip, sets out to attain the necessary accoutrements of Victorian gentility; education, money, and social acceptance. The novel exposes the immorality and hypocrisy of the Victorian Era’s socio-economic class system. When viewed through the author’s depiction of prevalent social issues such as child welfare and development, criminal justice, and social mobility, Great Expectations’ is a poignant indictment of the corruptive influence of money on moral ...

Complete Name of Professor

There was a musical artist named Paul Hindemith. He was known of his musical compositions. Many people admired him because of his talent. His songs were played publicly, which started flared his popularity. He began creating more songs for his listeners. Time passed by, Hindemith was famous enough to handle a concert performing his own songs. But because of Nazism, which blighted much of Germany, his upcoming concert remained a dream because Germany officials did not allow him to play his songs. But what could be more like a connection of the past and present, the role of music during the Nazism ...

I lived during the reign of Queen Victoria from the late 1830s until the early 1900s in London. Thus, this period was popularly known as the Victorian Age or Victorian Era, which was synonymous with grace, high morals, elegance, and social responsibility, among others. While the era was often referred to as the age of sophistication and style, it was also widely known as the first industrial society in the world. During this time, we, as a society were fond of entertaining family and friends. In fact, the Victorian period was known for “extravagant entertaining for the upper middle ...

Literature

In order to understand the role of women in Victoria’s England, it would be of interest to study the role of women during the Roman Empire. Why this is important, is because, there is a lot of similarities in the way England was ruled in comparison to Rome. The Roman society was undoubtedly dominated by men, and this is evident by the names of great leaders such as Julius Caesar, and Augustus. The Roman Catholic Church too had a huge role to play in the social and cultural life of the people of Rome. Despite evidences drawn from Roman history, ...

Introduction

During the Victorian era, there was a great evil in the society, albeit disguised in the good. The novel, “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,” authored by Robert Balfour Louis Stevenson, is an account of what the author had dreamt. It describes a situation in which a doctor, Jekyll, is living a dual life, good and evil. However, he is tired of this kind of life and through conducting an experiment on himself. He can set free his evil life from the good by transforming to Mr. Hyde, a renowned evil man. The aim of the author is to create a picture ...

Gender tends to affect any exchange between two human beings whether it be monetary or otherwise. However, it is to be noted that these exchanges can never be restricted to monetary limitations. They tend to consist of undertones of psychological and social effect because of their sensitive nature with society’s dynamics. Gender and the roles that it plays in any society has been under literary debate and discussion throughout time. Stereotypes pertinent to gender have been highlighted by numerous poets and authors in order to make the importance of its understanding clearer to audiences. All mediums including ...

The book ‘When the Sleeper Wakes’ is one of the unique works of H.G. Wells originally published in the year 1899. The protagonist of the story is a nineteenth-century man named Graham, an insomniac who falls asleep for 203 years and wakes up in the year 2100. After a two-century long sleep, Graham discovers himself in the mechanized city of New London, which greets him with urbane steel and glass . He finds powerful men in a combination of political tyrants and capitalist exploiters. Wells describes the future society as a herd of prole masses along a luxuriant transport system consisting of sidewalks. The society ...

Alcott's Little Women and Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" seem to express very different attitudes toward the expected role of women in the 19th century. Analyze what you think are the main differences and similarities. Nineteenth-century heroines in the literature realm were characterized by different and exact social desires, including conduct and qualities. Female leads exemplified the desires of society and were flawless illustrations of the perfect women. In Gilman's, The Yellow Wallpaper and Little Women by Louisa May Alcott, the customary perspective of ladies is smashed and always supplanted by desires closer to those of the current period ...

Throughout the second half the 1800’s England was the most powerful country on Earth, undergoing rapid industrialization and experiencing tremendous social change. At the time, the “women’s question” was a societal conversation about the nature, identity and role of woman in society (Norton Anthology). With a growing middle class, and increased literacy rates, novels and periodicals became a popular medium which was often used to investigate and debate the "women's question" since “the fate meted to characters could reflect opinions of their behavior”(Waller). During the Victorian era, a woman’s fate and lifestyle were largely determined by their perceived social, ...

in the Nineteenth Century

Training and Working Conditions of Women Artists in the Nineteenth Century

Whenever Arts becomes the subject of conversation, the first thing that comes to mind is painting. Some of the famous painters we know while growing up are the likes of Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Vincent van Goh, and Pablo Picasso. Notice that these painters are only men. Certainly, the masterpiece of daVinci, Mona Lisa, is a woman. However, we have yet to come up with at least an example of a woman painter. Here, we find an interesting point of discussion. At first, it would seem a matter of gender equality. However, the subject is the Arts ...

“Great Expectations” is a luminous piece of literary work by British author Charles Dickens. This novel was written in 1860’s and is completely recited in the first person. This is one of highly acclaimed novels of Dickens. The author raises some relevant issues in his novel and presents the same before readers in a vivid manner. This paper aims to propose a discussion on the novel, “Great Expectations” and further discusses Dickens writing style, various symbols and themes of the novel.

Plot Summary

The story is knitted around a young boy named Pip, who is orphan and lives with his elder sister. One day ...

There are various features that describe the flappers form the 1920’s. Before the Roaring Twenties, women were wearing long dresses that covered their legs and arms. Women also had long hair, and women were not allowed to vote or go against the conventional behaviors in society. When the 1920’s came, things changed tremendously. In fact, the 19th Amendments that was passed in the 1920 marked the beginning of these changes. The 19th Amendments gave women the right to vote. It was during this moment that most women began to attend schools and college education. During the ...

Literary Criticism of T. S. Eliot’s Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock

Introduction

The poem Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock feels as fresh to the readers now as it did to Ezra Pound when he first read it. Among other traits, Prufrock exhibits qualities of a characteristic example of modernism in literature, a literary work from the era of literary history that stood towering for its capability for never repeating the same act twice. The poem is a great example of characteristic qualities of modernist poetry namely fragmentation, montage and objective correlative. The narrator T.S. Eliot’s Love Song of J ...

Kate Chopin, the author of the short stories, "The Storm" and "Story of an Hour," was a tremendously forward-thinking and feminist author - in both of these tales, marriage is viewed as a restrictive hold on the women who are the subjects of each story. In "The Storm," the desperate Calixta temporarily frees herself of her stifling marriage by engaging in a passionate love affair with a paramour from her past who finds himself in her house in the wake of a nasty storm. Meanwhile, in "Story of an Hour," a woman discovers that her husband has passed away, and starts to have fantasies about ...

Oscar Wilde is a unique representative of the Victorian era in the English literature. The most valuable ideas of his works are rejection of egoism, permissiveness of personality, ethics and moral principles. All of these them Wilde illustrates in his play “The Importance of Being Earnest”. There is something exceptionally ironical in the title of the play itself. It may be interpreted for the both meanings of the word – as a treat of character that lacks practically every person in the play, and as a name of the fictional and at the same time real character of it. The point is ...

Produced in 1897, Bram Stokers renowned tome Dracula, has been the muse or catalyst for innumerable plays, movies, short stories and fiction. This book not only delineated the modern concept of a vampire and outlined how contemporary horror novels should flow, it presented, extrapolated upon and discussed hotbed issues in Victorian culture that illustrate how swiftly the times where changing as well as the tussle between a civilization advancing while it sheds the encumbrances from the previous modes of life. This situation is particularly depicted in regards to the altering roles of women and how sexual relations were viewed. Penned ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

The Narrators of ‘Porphyria’s Lover and My Last Duchess’ – Similarities and Differences Unlike comics or fairy tales, villain characters are not a common occurrence in modern adult literature, especially in poetry. In the literary works aimed for the grown up or matured reader segment, the authors more often than not, refrain from portraying a character which explicitly exposes villainous nature, or coal-black personifications of evil. Mostly characters who exhibit villainous traits are not easily located in such literary works, but their persona is revealed only after a deep scrutiny of the said work. Particularly in the nineteenth century, as ...

Hugo Suarez

Abstract Alfred Lord Tennyson was perhaps the greatest poet of the nineteenth century Victorian era. While ‘In Memoriam,’ was written in honor of his best friend who died at a young age, some of his other famous works included ‘Ulysses,’ and ‘Morte d’ Arthur,’ which were again written in memory of his fond friend. The tones of these poems are nostalgic and reflect the mood and sentiments of a poet who had witnessed the unceremonious arrival of death from the outside. Emily Dickinson, a contemporary of Tennyson, was born in the United States. Her poem ‘Because I could not stop for ...

Charles Dickens lived during the Victorian era of Great Britain, which comprised Queen Victoria’s reign (from 1837 to 1901). While this period saw the birth of a great many innovations in social and economic prosperity for the British, there were also rampant problems for people living during the Victorian era. One of the most prevalent issues was poverty – there was a huge problem with wealth inequality in Victorian-era England. The Victorian era saw a dramatic population increase in England – the number of British citizens nearly doubled from beginning to the end of the era, and industrialization led to a great deal of ...

Introduction

Since the 19th century, as well as William Morris and Arts and Crafts Movement examples, groups of concerned industrialists and designers have essentially tried to reform the practice of manufacturing and design in Britain. These groups include the British Institute of Industrial Art, the Council for Arts and Industry, and the Design and Industries Association (DIA). The design reformers tried to help a rapidly growing and new generation of the middle class homemakers make artistic and health homes. For that reason, this essay focuses on the ideals, aims, as well as the issues concerning early Design Reformers and Aesthetic movement ...

Charles Dickens lived during the Victorian era of Great Britain, which comprised Queen Victoria’s reign (from 1837 to 1901). While this period saw the birth of a great many innovations in social and economic prosperity for the British, there were also rampant problems for people living during the Victorian era. One of the most prevalent issues was poverty – there was a huge problem with wealth inequality in Victorian-era England. The Victorian era saw a dramatic population increase in England – the number of British citizens nearly doubled from beginning to the end of the era, and industrialization led to a great deal of ...

Introduction

Time on earth has been divided into various periods and eras, and so has been the case of literature. Believe it or not, these eras are significant in their own way and are characteristic of various trends in traditions, cultures, beliefs, practices and life patterns followed by the inhabitants of that era. The quality of life has thus been evaluated by the era one lived in. Anglo-saxon era, Georgian Era, Napoleonic Era, Victorian Era, Romantic Era, Progressive Era, Modern Era are a few of the eras in earth’s history. Of these eras of literature and its historical backgrounds, the ...

Like I told you in my message I used ebook that does not have the pages number. Making a fuss over the fact that those lines were plagiarize might seemed petty to me but to me they are my reputation. I have reword all of my assumed plagiarism.

The Norton Anthology of English Literature, reports that there were three segments that made up the Victorian period. “The Early period; The Mid-Victorian Period; and The Late Period” (920-925). There is a fourth period that is not spoken of, or appreciated: The Birth of Women Writers. Women writers like Virginia Woolf who were ...

The Importance of Being Earnest, a play by Oscar Wilde, is often considered a classic, and ahead of its time in terms of social commentary. The play, a comedy of errors in which people put on fictitious personalities to get what they want, touches on the triviality of Victorian culture and the institution of marriage, among other things. Wilde's work delights in its ravaging of the continental lifestyle that many rich people in the Victorian era experienced, the play does not reach to the point of moralizing, or providing solutions or lessons to be learned from the work. Instead, the play is ...

Some people actually have multiple personalities as a result of a disorder, while others, for various reasons, create another personality. Bunbury, is an example of such a personality that Algernon Moncrieff, one of the main characters in Oscar Wilde’s play, The Importance of being Earnest, creates as a means of getting away from real life. Of course, Algernon is not the only one with another identity or personality, Jack Worthing, the protagonist of the play, actually living as the persona of ‘Earnest’ when he resides in London. Algernon actually comes up with a name for this act of creating an alter ego to ...

English 225 Introduction To Film

The film “The Elephant Man” is an iconic and powerful humanistic filmmaking endeavor. Released in 1980, the film relates the story of Joseph Carey Merrick, the real-life figure who was born with a horrible deformity and had to deal with issues of humanity and discrimination in 19th century London. Through the use of compelling performances, assured and minimalistic direction, and a stark, Victorian Gothic aesthetic, director David Lynch forces the horrors and sadness of deformity onto the audience in a way that leaves the viewer tear choked with sadness and sympathy. Most people who watch the film are touched in a way that ...

1) Oscar Wilde Oscar Wilde's many poems, plays and novels poke subtle fun at the Victorian mainstream, addressing the faults and the problems inherent within that society. Many of his works deal with the decadence and beauty of the Victorian upper class, as well as how empty and duplicitous that society is. By painting detailed portraits of flawed and overly vain characters, he shows the Victorian aristocrat as someone nearly inhuman, and far from sympathetic. In many ways, it transcends the nature of the Victorian mainstream by holding a mirror up to it and pointing out its flaws, whether ...

Webster Dictionary defines gender as ‘socio-cultural characterization of man and woman, the way societies make a distinction between men and women and assign them social roles. The distinction between sex and gender was introduced to deal with the general tendency to attribute women's subordination to their anatomy.’ Keeping in mind this definition, it wouldn’t be wrong to say that it is important to treat men and women equally for a better society. The main view, when it comes to gender inequality, is that this begins from the childhood. Parents treat their daughters and sons differently. In many families it ...

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a short story which deals with the depression of a married woman and how her husband ignores her silent cries for help. Along with her depression, the theme of struggle to cope with the circumstances and to help oneself is also apparent. At many instances a reader can detect the autobiographical note in the story. Gilman herself suffered from post partum depression and at that time no one could really help her or understand her. This dilemma was also quite apparent in the protagonists’ life. The main aim of this research is to compare ...

Victorian era saw many social, political, economical and religious changes. French and industrial revolution changed the whole cycle of this era and this massive metamorphosis is visible in the novels and essays of this time. The Bronte sisters, Dickens, Jane Austen and Eliot portray the effect of these changes on the lives of the people quite aptly. Bleak House by Charles Dickens is not only a story about passions, unfulfilled love and heart break but also about the major differences and clashes between the upper class and lower class. Similarly Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte shows the love of ...

The book follows Dr. Victor Frankenstein, a reclusive mad scientist, who seeks to create new life by sewing together the limbs and remains of several other dead bodies and reanimate them. Victor's childhood was geared very closely toward the pursuit of science, while he befriended his adopted sister Elizabeth and studied science with his father. After attending university, he decides to finally reanimate a dead body with life, assembling a rough body consisting of mismatched parts of ugly organs and limbs, bringing it to life. However, Victor thinks his work ugly, and escapes the room where he reanimated him, leaving the monster ...

The Importance of Being Earnest, a play by Oscar Wilde, is often considered a classic, and ahead of its time in terms of social commentary. The play, a comedy of errors in which people put on fictitious personalities to get what they want, touches on the triviality of Victorian culture and the institution of marriage, among other things. However, despite its ravaging of the continental lifestyle that many rich people in the Victorian era experienced, the play does not reach to the point of moralizing, or providing solutions or lessons to be learned from the work. Instead, the play is more of a ...

If Kate Chopin had written today, even the appearance of Calixta’s breasts in her fiction would not shock the average reader. Thanks to magazines like Cosmopolitan and Maxim, celebrities who get their fame from nudity, like Kim Kardashian, or near-nudity, like Kate Upton and Elle MacPherson, and the capacity of the Internet to provide a viscous layer of pornographic narrative as hard-core as you want to read, the mystery that once shrouded the sex act is now in tatters. The key to intimacy, which is emotional connection, remains a point of difficulty for many, but the road to orgasm is ...

Part 1

Although America is a relatively young colony, it is considered by many to be the country that sets the pace for the rest of the world. In spite of this, however, when individuals want to learn about social manners, they often look to the British to lead by example. During the Victorian period, England was considered the epiphany of moral standards. However, it was in fact simply a country that had been whitewashed with protocol and norms. Several Victorians writers deemed it their responsibility to expose the hypocrisy of this wealthy society. The Victorian Era lasted from 1837 until 1901. ...

1. How does gender impact fashion during these periods?

The fashion of the Industrial Age reflects both the traditional roles of men and women in society as well as the revolutionary changes, which affected not only political and economical situation, but also had a great impact on the social life. While bustles, corsets and crinolines prevailed at certain periods of the Industrial Age, limiting the movements and creating unnatural forms, women strived for equality not only in social life, but also in fashion. Already in 1850s Amelia Bloomers promoted the use of full-legged pants (“bloomers”) and refused to wear corsets and hoops. At the turn of the century the ...